Due to the often heavy loads, high speeds, and numerous scheduled stops on such services; DB required a locomotive capable of accelerating to 200km/h in 150 seconds with 300t in tow, and maintaining that speed whilst ascending a grade of 1 in 200 (0.5%).
Delivered in 1965, the class made it's debut conveying passengers for the international transport exhibition. Twice daily services between Augsberg and Munich were worked at an average of 142 km/h, and reached speeds of up to 200km/h over some sections.
The body shape was designed and tested with the aid of windtunnels. This approach provided the 103's sleek, streamlined appearance, but resulted in a slightly cramped cab compartment. The last 30 units were built 700mm longer to accommodate a more comfortable cab.
An automatic speed control system was fitted, capable of maintaining speed regardless of grade, to within selectable increments of 10 km/h.
A co-co wheel arrangement was adopted with the intention of keeping axle load to a minimum. Unfortunately this placed increased strain on curved rails. In 1967, signs of accelerated wear and tear over lines they worked became apparent. To reduce maintenance, the class was no longer permitted to work at it's rated speed of 200km/h; and the restriction remained in place until 1977.
Displaced by DBs modern ICE technologies, the 103 has become a favourite memory among German railfans.
Resources
General Data
Dimensions
3D Model
103 Homepage - Die Homepage der Baureihe 103
Electric Loco Gallery - German Railways Page
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